In the earliest days of Sacramento there was a real problem with cross contamination between wells, cisterns and adjacent privies. Cholera, typhus, and other diseases devastated the early population. The cholera epidemic of 1850 killed hundreds of people as well as 17 doctors who treated them. Floods also contributed to this problem, with toilet and drinking water contamination. I have dug many hundreds of both cisterns and privies hereabouts and have never seen a "parged" or lined anything. Cisterns were usually round, often 8' diameter, with mortared brick and outhouse pits were constructed of either the same brick, but sans mortar, or redwood lumber. Some wood lined pits were 6'X8' rectangles 15-18' in depth and built using heavy 2"X10" redwood boards. The heavy loam soil and constant shallow water table kept the wood preserved so that it took some force to break into them. I still have some wood from an 1850s privy in the garage.